Từ cuối năm 2016 biết được việc này, mình cũng lần từng mẩu kí ức, ghép lại để biết thực sự thì mình đã yêu một người như thế nào, ai thực sự đã chết :(
Lâu lắm rồi không buồn, mình tưởng rằng ngày mình biết M yêu không chỉ mình mình là ngày buồn nhất, nhưng hóa ra không phải. Vẫn chưa biết buồn nhất là khi nào và đến bao giờ
Đọc cho lắm trinh thám vào Lốc ngu ạ :)))
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Poverty at Vietnam
Poverty Alleviation of Noong Con Village, Lau Chau Province, Vietnam
Noong Con is an isolated rural village located in a mountainous area in the Lai Chan Province of Vietnam, which is about 50 kilometers away from other communities. Since the mountains are barren, soil is infertile and water is scarce. Rain is the main source of water supply for human consumption and agricultural production. Rainfall is seasonal which starts from March – June and August – November.
The villagers only grow corn, which is mainly their food. Their corn harvest is low because of their infertile soil and low rain water supply. They do not grow rice, vegetables and fruits to supplement their corn food. Once in a while, they go out to far away markets to barter left over corn for some salt, sugar and other simple goods.
Naong Con’s three villages is comprised of about 60 families, with each family having 10-12 children. Because of poor nutrition and high disease incidence, there is high death mortality. It is for this reason that parents desire to have big families.
Since the community is settled in between mountains, the people do not have infrastructure facilities such as roads, electricity and radio communication. It takes about two walking days to reach the area. The isolatedness of the community is aggravated by the villagers’ inability to speak the Vietnamese language. The villagers use an ethnic language that is not easily understood. There are some village leaders though who can understand a bit the Vietnamese language. They are the middlemen for communication with outsiders.
Apparently, the villagers’ literacy is poor. There is no education program of the community. Another besetting problem is behavioral in nature. Generally, there are problems of laziness and alcoholism. Agricultural labor and other hard works are done by only a few more industrious women.
The Vietnamese government initiated health, economic and health programs. One water well and toilet facilities were installed in each of the three villages but these were not used. The literacy program was not successful due to language barrier. Another development program was the giving of money loans for some economic activities, but this too failed because the villagers only practice barter economy.
This project conceptualizes an integrated community development program to address the holistic poverty causes of Naong Con village. As shown by the results of initial rapid rural appraisal, there are problems on health, literacy, infrastructure facilities and social behaviors. A participatory approach is deemed necessary in order to reduce resistance of the villagers on development program initiatives.
It comprises three small villages with 60 families and having total population around 600 people. This village is about 50 Km away from the other communities and the villagers depend on agricultural activities of corn growing. Since this is rural and mountainous area where people live in between mountains so that they do not have proper infrastructure facilities such as roads, electricity, radio etc. Since these are barren mountains the soil is infertile and water availability is very low. Therefore people tend to grow only corn which is their main food source. These mountains are lack in water sheds so that villages get water mainly from the rain. The rainfall is seasonal which starts from March up to June and August to November. After the harvesting season they usually have festivals of New Year for long period. These people use their own ethnic language and they can not speak Vietnamese language. They have village leaders selected among the community by whom they will communicate with the outsiders. This community members do not use money because they only have goods exchange system from far away markets.
The villagers of this community are suffering from extreme poverty because of poor health, no proper agricultural system, illiteracy, lack of infrastructure and various social problems.
Since these people consume only corn as their main meal, majority suffer from nutritional problem. Due to the low maternal nutrition, infant mortality rate is also very high. The literacy rate is very low among the community because they do not have a school or any other education source in the community. Even though, they engage in agricultural activities, they do not aware on modern technology and the integrated farming methods. In addition, they have social problems such as laziness, drug addiction of male and only women and children are engaged in the hard work.
The government extension officers and health officials have already started several development programs in the community which were unsuccessful, mainly due to communication problem. They have started a project to introduce water wells for the quality water, but these villagers are reluctant to practice that system because they rely on their own way.
Considering above, for alleviating the poverty of this community, health status, literacy, infrastructure and social status of the people should be improved. The most important in this process is to reduce the gap of communication by training the selected people from the community. Thereafter a joint programs of government and community can be conducted by introducing various development programs such as introduction of integrated agriculture, provision of agricultural technology, nutrition and health promotion, informal education, instilation of infrastructure and awareness for the social development.
Noong Con is an isolated rural village located in a mountainous area in the Lai Chan Province of Vietnam, which is about 50 kilometers away from other communities. Since the mountains are barren, soil is infertile and water is scarce. Rain is the main source of water supply for human consumption and agricultural production. Rainfall is seasonal which starts from March – June and August – November.
The villagers only grow corn, which is mainly their food. Their corn harvest is low because of their infertile soil and low rain water supply. They do not grow rice, vegetables and fruits to supplement their corn food. Once in a while, they go out to far away markets to barter left over corn for some salt, sugar and other simple goods.
Naong Con’s three villages is comprised of about 60 families, with each family having 10-12 children. Because of poor nutrition and high disease incidence, there is high death mortality. It is for this reason that parents desire to have big families.
Since the community is settled in between mountains, the people do not have infrastructure facilities such as roads, electricity and radio communication. It takes about two walking days to reach the area. The isolatedness of the community is aggravated by the villagers’ inability to speak the Vietnamese language. The villagers use an ethnic language that is not easily understood. There are some village leaders though who can understand a bit the Vietnamese language. They are the middlemen for communication with outsiders.
Apparently, the villagers’ literacy is poor. There is no education program of the community. Another besetting problem is behavioral in nature. Generally, there are problems of laziness and alcoholism. Agricultural labor and other hard works are done by only a few more industrious women.
The Vietnamese government initiated health, economic and health programs. One water well and toilet facilities were installed in each of the three villages but these were not used. The literacy program was not successful due to language barrier. Another development program was the giving of money loans for some economic activities, but this too failed because the villagers only practice barter economy.
This project conceptualizes an integrated community development program to address the holistic poverty causes of Naong Con village. As shown by the results of initial rapid rural appraisal, there are problems on health, literacy, infrastructure facilities and social behaviors. A participatory approach is deemed necessary in order to reduce resistance of the villagers on development program initiatives.
It comprises three small villages with 60 families and having total population around 600 people. This village is about 50 Km away from the other communities and the villagers depend on agricultural activities of corn growing. Since this is rural and mountainous area where people live in between mountains so that they do not have proper infrastructure facilities such as roads, electricity, radio etc. Since these are barren mountains the soil is infertile and water availability is very low. Therefore people tend to grow only corn which is their main food source. These mountains are lack in water sheds so that villages get water mainly from the rain. The rainfall is seasonal which starts from March up to June and August to November. After the harvesting season they usually have festivals of New Year for long period. These people use their own ethnic language and they can not speak Vietnamese language. They have village leaders selected among the community by whom they will communicate with the outsiders. This community members do not use money because they only have goods exchange system from far away markets.
The villagers of this community are suffering from extreme poverty because of poor health, no proper agricultural system, illiteracy, lack of infrastructure and various social problems.
Since these people consume only corn as their main meal, majority suffer from nutritional problem. Due to the low maternal nutrition, infant mortality rate is also very high. The literacy rate is very low among the community because they do not have a school or any other education source in the community. Even though, they engage in agricultural activities, they do not aware on modern technology and the integrated farming methods. In addition, they have social problems such as laziness, drug addiction of male and only women and children are engaged in the hard work.
The government extension officers and health officials have already started several development programs in the community which were unsuccessful, mainly due to communication problem. They have started a project to introduce water wells for the quality water, but these villagers are reluctant to practice that system because they rely on their own way.
Considering above, for alleviating the poverty of this community, health status, literacy, infrastructure and social status of the people should be improved. The most important in this process is to reduce the gap of communication by training the selected people from the community. Thereafter a joint programs of government and community can be conducted by introducing various development programs such as introduction of integrated agriculture, provision of agricultural technology, nutrition and health promotion, informal education, instilation of infrastructure and awareness for the social development.
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Mình tìm cuốn Bao người chờ đợi trên ảnh 2 năm rùi :")))
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